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7000 BCE
FERMENTATION DISCOVERED
CHINESE SCIENTISTS DISCOVER FERMENTATION THROUGH BEER MAKING -
6000 BCE
BACTERIA USED TO MAKE YOGURT AND CHEESE
YOGURT AND CHEESE MADE WITH LACTIC ACID-PRODUCING BACTERIA BY VARIOUS CULTURES -
250 BCE
GREEKS PRACTICE CROP ROTATION
THE GREEKS PRACTICE CROP ROTATION FOR MAXIMUM SOIL FERTILITY -
100 BCE
CHRYSANTHEMUM USED
SCIENTISTS USE CHRYSANTHEMUM AS A NATURAL INSECTICIDE -
BACTERIA AND PROTOZOA DESCRIBED
ANTONIE VAN LEEUWENHOEK DISCOVERS AND DESCRIBES BACTERIA AND PROTOZOA -
SMALLPOX VACCINE INVENTED
EDWARD JENNER USES FIRST VIRAL VACCINE TO INOCULATE A CHILD FROM SMALLPOX -
DISCOVERY OF THE MAKE UP OF TISSUE
HENRI DUTROCHET DISCOVERS THAT TISSUES ARE COMPOSED OF LIVING CELLS -
PROTEIN DISCOVERED
PROTEIN HAS BEEN DISCOVERED, NAMED AND RECORDED BY GERARDUS JOHANNES MULDER AND JONS JACOB BERZELIUS. -
BACTERIAL ORIGIN OF FERMENTATION DISCOVERED
LOUIS PASTEUR DISCOVERS THE BACTERIAL ORIGIN OF FERMENTATION -
LAWS OF INHERITANCE DISCOVERED
GREGOR MENDEL DISCOVERS THE LAWS OF INHERITANCE -
IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIA ENHANCED
ROBERT KOCH DEVELOPS A TECHNIQUE FOR STAINING BACTERIA FOR IDENTIFICATION -
CHOLERA AND ANTHRAX VACCINE DEVELOPED
LOUIS PASTEUR DEVELOPS VACCINES AGAINST BACTERIA THAT CAUSE CHOLERA AND ANTHRAX IN CHICKENS -
RABBIES VACCINE DEVELOPED
LOUIS PASTEUR AND EMILE ROUX DEVELOPED THE FIRST RABIES VACCINE AND USE IT ON JOSEPH MEISTER -
THE WORD "BIOTECHNOLOGY" USED FIRST
KARL EREKY, A HUNGARIAN AGRICULTURAL ENGINEER, FIRST USES THE WORD BIOTECHNOLOGY -
PENICILLIN: FIRST ANTIBIOTIC CREATED
ALEXANDER FLEMING NOTICES THAT A CERTAIN MOULD COULD STOP THE DUPLICATION OF BACTERIA, LEADING TO THE FIRST ANTIBIOTIC; PENICILLIN -
STRUCTURE OF DNA DESCRIBED
JAMES D. WATSON AND FRANCIS CRICK DESCRIBE THE STRUCTURE OF DNA -
FIRST SUCCESSFUL RECOMBINANT DNA EXPERIMENT
STANLEY NORMAN COHEN AND HERBERT BOYER PERFORM THE FIRST SUCCESSFUL RECOMBINANT DNA EXPERIMENT, USING BACTERIAL GENES -
MONOCLONAL ANTIBIDIES PRODUCED
METHOD FOR PRODUCING MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES DEVELOPED BY KOHLER AND CESAR MILSTEIN -
COHEN AND BOYER AWARDED
THE U.S. PATENT FOR GENE CLONING IS AWARDED TO COHEN AND BOYER -
PCR TECHNIQUE CONCEIVED
THE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR) TECHNIQUE IS CONCEIVED BY KARY MULLIS -
FIRST SUCCESSFUL GENE THERAPY
FIRST FEDERALLY APPROVED GENE THERAPY TREATMENT IS PERFORMED SUCCESSFULLY ON A YOUNG GIRL WHO SUFFERED FROM AN IMMUNE DISORDER -
FIRST GM FOOD APPROVED
THE UNITED STATES FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION APPROVES THE FIRST GM FOOD: THE “FLAVR SAVR” TOMATO -
FIRST ANIMAL CLONING
BRITISH SCIENTISTS, LED BY IAN WILMUT FROM THE ROSLIN INSTITUTE, REPORT CLONING DOLLY THE SHEEP USING DNA FROM TWO ADULT SHEEP CELLS -
ROUGH DRAFT OF HUMAN GENOME PROJECT COMPLETED
COMPLETION OF A “ROUGH DRAFT” OF THE HUMAN GENOME IN THE [HUMAN GENOME PROJECT] -
HUMAN GENOME PROJECT COMPLETED
THE HUMAN GENOME PROJECT IS COMPLETED, PROVIDING INFORMATION ON THE LOCATIONS AND SEQUENCE OF HUMAN GENES ON ALL 46 CHROMOSOMES. -
DISCOVERY OF HOW TO USE HUMAN SKIN CELLS TO CREATE EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS
SCIENTISTS DISCOVER HOW TO USE HUMAN SKIN CELLS TO CREATE EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS. -
FIRST NANORADIO DESCRIBED
THE FIRST NANORADIO IS DESCRIBED BY ALEX ZETTL -
FIRST MEDICAL EXPERIMENT LAUNCHED
JAPANESE ASTRONOMERS LAUNCHED THE FIRST MEDICAL EXPERIMENT MODULE CALLED “KIBO”, TO BE USED ON THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION -
FIRST VIRAL PACEMAKER CREATED IN GUINEA PIGS
CEDARS-SINAI HEART INSTITUTE USES MODIFIED SAN HEART GENES TO CREATE THE FIRST VIRAL PACEMAKER IN GUINEA PIGS, NOW KNOWN AS ISAN’S -
RULES DRAFTED FOR BIO-SIMILAR DRUGS
FDA ISSUES DRAFT RULES FOR BIO-SIMILAR DRUGS.
