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Grammar-translation method
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Direct method
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Behaviorism
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Structural Linguistics
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Reading/vocabulary movement
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Audiolingualism
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Universal Grammar
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Communicative Competence
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Systemic-functional Grammar
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Notional-functional Syllabus
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Communicative Language Teaching
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Krashen's Theory of SLA
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Focus on assessment and test validity
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Computer-assisted Language Learning
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Emergentism and complexity theory