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French and Indian War
French and British fight over land
French were allied with Indians due to fur trade relations
British were demolished the first time but a year later, under Washington's comman they were able to beat the French -
Writs of Assistance
search warrent for British custom officials to search any colony ship or building, if suspected of smuggling goods -
Treaty of Paris
Created to stop the French and Indian war
British owned Canada, most of North America east of Mississippi as well as Florida
Spain owned land west of Mississippi and New Orleans
France owned a few islands and a some colonies in the West Indies -
Proclamation of 1763
prohibited colonists from settling in Native lands
(west of Appalachian Mts.)
many colonists ignored this -
Sugar Act & Colonists Response
created to stop smuggling of goods
halved duty on foreeign made molasses to make colonists pay lower taxes
placed duties on certain imports that previously have not been taxed
violators were tried in a vice admiralty (single judge)
this act had very little effect, only effect on traders and merchants -
Stamp Act & Colonists response
put a tax on paper related items (newspaper, will, cards)
many defy the law (sons of liberty was created)
boycotted british goods until the stamp act was repealed -
Sons of Liberty is formed & Samuel Adams
consisted of shopkeepers, artisans and laborers
created to repeal the Stamp Act
Samuel Admas is one of the founders of SOL -
John Locke's Social Contract
people have natural rights to life liberty and property, every society us based on social contract, an agreement in which people censent to choose and obey the gov so long as it safeguards their natural rights -
Declaratory Act
Parliment had the full right to bind the colonies and people of America in circumstances. created on day stamp act was repealed -
Townshend Acts & colonists response. Why they were repealed
named after Charles Townshend
tax all imported goods from Britain .
lead, glass, paint, paper, tea.
colonists started boycotting british goods -
Boston Massacre
infront of Boston Customs House
taunt british soldiers
soldiers fire back killing 5 -
Tea Act
created by Lord North and to save the British East India Company due to its bankruptcy
company gets to sell tea directly to the consumers without paying taxes that the colonial tea sellers had to pay
hoped that colonists would buy their tea but opposite happened -
Boston Tea Party
Boston rebels wear Indian clothing and raid three british ships
dump tea into harbor 18,000 pounds -
First Continental Congress Meets
56 delegates meet in Philadelpha, made declaration of colonial rights, defend colonies right to run affairs and that colonies would figh back if british attack -
The Intolerable Acts
King George 3 pressed parilment to act, shut down boston harbor, quartering act, whcih allowed british soldiers to make residence house them, Thomas Gage appointed governer of Massachusetts -
Minutemen
civilian soldiers who pledged to fight british soldiers on a minutes notice -
Midnight riders: Revere, Dawes, Prescott
spread word tgar 700 british troops were headed for concord, from lexington -
Battle of Lexington
70 minutemen at village, british ordered minutemen to lay guns down and leave, one of them fires injuring british soldier and british fire back, killing 8 and injuring 10, only 15 minutes -
Battle of Concord
British find empty arsenal, marching back to boston, 3000 to 4000 minutemen fired on marching troops, slaughter of british -
Second Continental Congress
Colonial Leaders called SCG in Philadelphia debated their next continental congress, some call for independence others afreed to recognize the colonial milita as continental army and chose George washington -
Continental Army
Congress afreed to recognized colonial militia as the continental army and appointed george washington -
The Battle of Bunker Hill
In Boston British general Thomas Gage strike militiamen on Breeds Hill north of Bunker Hill, Sent 2400 British troops up hill and colonists held fire till close, and then killed soldiers and then retreated, colonists lose 450 men while british have 1000 -
Olive Branch Petition
sent by congress to return to the former harmony between the colonies and britain but king george reject and issued proclamation stating that colonists were not in rebellion and urged parliment to order a naval blockade to isolate ships for the American coast -
Publication of Common Sense
50 page pamphlet, attacked King George and monarchy. said that independance would allow america to trade freely and gives amercian colonists the chance to create a better society -
Declaration of Independance
Thomas Jefferson prepared final draft
Life liberty and the pursuit of happiness
unalienable rights can never be taken away
all men are equal, July 2 1776 was the date delegates voted that the American colonies were free -
Loyalists and Patriots
Loyalists opposed independence and were loyal to the British King
they were judges governers as well as ppl of more modest means
thought that british were going to winand wanted to avoid punishment Patriots supported independence and drew numbers from people who saw political and economic opportunity
incuded blacks other blacks joined loyalists to get freedom and natives supported British -
27. Redcoats push Washington’s army across the Delaware River into Pennsylvania
32k british soldiers push washingtons army across River and into Pennsylvania,
washington led 2400 men in small rowboats and marched into Trenton New Jersey and defeated Garrison of Hessians in a surprise attack
British were strng and were provided with funds
and Us had poorly trained troops and lacked supplies
happened summer of 1776 -
Washington Christmas Night Attack
X mas night
Washington risked everything, 2400 troops in small rowbaord across Deleware river into trenton New Jersey and surprise attacked them, and defeated a garrison of Hessians -
Saratoga
American troops surrounded Burgoyne at saratoga, one of the most important events in war
this saratoga victory made french that they could win the war so they joined the Americans
Burgoyne planned on leading the army down a route of lakes from canada to albany where he wanted to meet british troops
failed bc fellow british officers were preocupied in Philedlphia and weren't coming -
French American Alliance
French ally with Americans bc they believed that they could win the war,
after the Saratogan win -
Valley Forge Pennsylvania
washingtons winter camp
low on food and supplies and 2000 died -
Friedrich von Steuben and Marquis de Lafayette
Friedrich von Steuben a prussian captain and talented drill master helped train continental army and Marquis de Lafayette arrived to offer helpm Lafayette lobbied France for French Reinforcements in 1779 and led a command in VIrginia
both made the Continental army an effective fighting force -
British victories in the South
Greated victory: Henry Clinton and Charles Cornwallis captured charles town South Carolina
Cornwallis led army of 7500 onto peninsula between jamestown and york rivers and camped at Yorktown and planned to fortify Yorktown and take virginia -
British Surrender in Yorktown
October 19 1781, French and American troops surrounded Yorktown and began bombarding it. -
Treaty of Paris
peace talks began in Paris 1782
John Adams John Jay of NY Nejamin Franklin
Confirmed that US was independant and set boundaries of new nation Us stretched from Atlantic boarder to Mississippi River and from Canada to Florida Border
