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Sojourner Truth
Sojourner Truth was an escaped slave who preached for abolition and feminism. She delivered the famous speech "Ain't I A Woman?". She was a prominent figure in both the abolitionist movement and the women's rights movement. -
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Frederick Douglass
Douglass was a prominent abolitionist and author. He was an escaped slave and self taught scholar who ran an abolitionist newspaper called the North Star. -
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Harriet Tubman
Harriet Tubman was an abolitionist who was born a slave on a plantation in Maryland. She became a famous conductor on the Underground Railroad leading other slaves to freedom in the North. -
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Nat Turner's Revolt
A bloody slave revolt in Southampton County, Virginia. Turner and his friends and relatives rose up and killed 55 white men, women, and children. Turner hoped other slaves would rally to his cause, but he only had 60 come to his aid. In the end the rebellion was crushed by the white militia and Turner died by hanging. -
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Booker T. Washington
Washington was a former slave and prominent figure in the African American movement. He is known for the "Atlantic Compromise". -
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Dred Scott Case
Dred Scott was a slave who had lived with his master for five years in the Illinois and Wisconsin territories. When his mater died he sued for his freedom because he had lived in free territories for so long. The court ruled that he was a slave, not a citizen, therefore he could not sue in a federal court. -
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Ida B. Wells
Ida B. Wells was an African American journalist that spoke out against the lynching of blacks in the south. She also called for the end of segregated streetcars. -
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Emancipation Proclamation
Declared all slaves in "rebellious states" (the South) to be free. -
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Thirteenth Amendment
This Amendment abolished slavery in the United States. -
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W.E.B. DuBois
DuBois was a prominent African American leader and a harsh critic of Booker T. Washington, as he believed Washington's plan would perpetuate the second-class citizen mindset. -
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Fourteenth Amendment
This granted citizenship to "all persons born or naturalized in the United States" which included the recently freed slaves. -
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Fifteenth Amendment
This amendment granted African American men the right to vote. -
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Mamie Smith
Smith was a singer, dancer, pianist and actress, well known for her singing in jazz and blues genres. She was the first African American artist to make blues vocal recordings. -
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A. Phillip Randolph
Randolph founded the March on Washington Movement and the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters and was a major leader in the Civil Rights Movement. -
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Zora Neale Hurston
Hurston believed that black culture could be understood and expressed without a heavy emphasis on white oppression. She documented folklore and wrote short stories and novels celebrating “ordinary” black people. -
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Archibald Motley
Black artist. He studied at the Art Institute of Chicago . His paintings depicted Chicago’s South Side which was predominantly black. A major contributor to the Harlem Renaissance. -
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Augusta Fells Savage
Savage was a sculptor associated with the Harlem Renaissance. She also taught and her studio help aid the careers of a rising generation of artists. -
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Plessey v Ferguson
Supreme court decision that established "separate but equal" to be constitutional. -
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Duke Ellington
Ellington was a composer, pianist, and bandleader during the Harlem Renaissance. He was a very prominent jazz musician. -
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Louis Armstrong
Armstrong was a prominent jazz musician during the Harlem Renaissance. He was a trumpeter and singer and was very popular during the 1920s. He was also the first African American to be featured prominently in a major Hollywood production. -
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Langston Hughes
Hughes was a poet during the Harlem Renaissance. His poems were often about social issues facing the black community. -
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Thurgood Marshall
Marshall was a civil rights lawyer and the first black judge on the supreme court, where he advocated for minorities and the poor. -
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Rosa Parks
Parks was a civil rights activist best known for her refusal to give up her bus seat. Her actions and subsequent arrest sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott. -
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Universal Negro Improvement Association
A group based in Harlem led by Marcus Garvey whose purpose was to mobilize African American workers and encourage black separatism. -
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Jacob Lawrence
Lawrence was a painter during the Harlem Renaissance. His paintings used bold shapes and colors and showed the plight of African Americans. -
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Jackie Robinson
Robinson was the first African American to play in Major League Baseball (MLB). -
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Vernon Baker
Baker was a U.S. Army officer who received the Medal of Honor for his actions during WWII. He received the Medal of Honor in 1997. -
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Harlem Renaissance
A movement where African American artists, writers, and intellectuals were entering popular culture. This movement was centered in Harlem, New York and took place in the 1920s. -
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Malcolm X
He was an African American leader during the civil rights era. He took a more militant approach than Matin Luther King and was a member of the black muslims. -
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Martin Luther King Jr
King was a civil rights era activist and minister. He promoted peaceful protest and is known for his "I had a Dream" speech. -
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Colin Powell
Powell is an American military general and leader. He was instrumental to America's victory in the Persian Gulf War and Panama. He was the first black four star general. -
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Stokely Carmichael
Carmichael was a civil rights activist who encouraged the abandonment of peaceful demonstrations, instead pursuing "black power". -
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Muhammad Ali
Ali was a professional boxer and activist. He set an example of racial pride for African Americans and resistance to white domination. -
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Brown v Board of Education
A Supreme Court case that ruled that segregation was unequal and unconstitutional, therefore public schools needed to be desegregated. -
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Freedom Riders
Civil rights activists who rode buses into the segregated south to protest the non-enforcement of Supreme Court decisions that ruled that segregation was unconstitutional. -
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Barack Obama
Barack Obama is an American politician who served as the 44th President of the United States from 2009 to 2017. He is the first African American to have served as president. -
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Black Panthers
A political party that aligned itself with socialism and black nationalism. When it began its goal was to have armed citizens monitor the behaviors of the police -
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Loving v Virginia
Supreme Court civil rights case that invalidated laws prohibiting interracial marriage.