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1469
Marriage of Isabella and Ferdinand
Because these two got married, it brought together the kingdom of Castile and Aragon. Isabella and Ferdinand lead a "crusade against Muslims and Jews in Spain." -
1483
Richard III
From 1483-1485, Richard was king of England. He was the last king of England to die in battle. He died at the battle of Bosworth Field. -
Period: 1509 to 1547
Henry VII
Henry was king and popular for his six marriages. Lots of people knew him as "defender of the faith." He wrote a book that defended Catholicism but attacked Marting Luther's ideas. -
Period: 1519 to 1556
Charles V
Charles was the ruler of both the Spanish Empire from 1516 and the Holy Roman Empire from 1519, as well as of Habsburg Netherlands from 1506. His domains spanned nearly four million square kilometers and were the first to be described as "the empire on which the sun never sets". -
Period: 1533 to
Ivan "the terrible"
Ivan The Terrible was crowned the first Tsar of Russia in 1547. Ivan spent most of his time during his reign trying to expand the countries territory. Ivan established the first printing house in Russia. He was known as "the terrible" because he was very cruel, saying "We are free to admire our slaves and we are free to execute them." -
Period: 1556 to
Phillip II
Phillip gains power over Spain, and during this time Spain reaches the height of its power. He directed explorations all over the world. -
Period: 1558 to
Queen Elizabeth I
As the queen of England, Queen Elizabeth worked to restore unity in England. I was known for compromise, which was especially evident in the "Elizabethan settlement - this was a middle way between Protestantism and Catholicism." Her goal was to make England the most powerful sorce in Europe. -
Henry IV
Henry's plan was to govern lands where most of the people were Catholic. Henry also switched to being Catholic in order to stay king. -
Economy of Spain
Inflation in Spain weakens making enemies of Spain rich. This causes Phillip II to declare bankruptcy three times. -
30 Years' War
Protestants rebel against Catholic rulers which results in the Thirty Year's War, which was a conflict over land, power, and religion. -
Period: to
King Louis XIV
King Louis was the longest person to be king in Europe. He was very determined and dedicated to helping France get and keep "economic, political and cultural brilliance." Some of the things Louis did, didn't end up as planned. For example, he went to war frequently however, it ended up resulting in massive taxation and "poor harvests" which made a lot of people suffer. Lots of people didn't like Louis as king so when he died they rejoiced. -
Peter "the great"
Peter became czar of Russia in 1696. When he began his reign he started to reform Russia. Only a year later he visits Europe to learn "their ways". -
Period: to
Spanish Succession
The War of Spanish Succession happens after Charles II dies. He didn't have any children so there was a European conflict. He left an "undivided Spanish monarchy to Louis XIV's grandson Philip who was proclaimed King of Spain." -
Peter fights Sweden
In 1703, Peter fights Sweden to win port on Baltic Sea. He starts building a new capital called St. Petersburg. -
Period: to
Louis XVI
Louis XVI grandfather passed away, making him the next in line for the king of France. At this time France was deeply in debt making him have a huge responsibility.
