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1890s
*An altered vision of the role of schooling
*Massive influx of students in secondary schools
*Doctrine of Mental Discipline
*Child Study Movement flourished -
Committee of Ten
National Education Association's Committee of Ten with Charles Eliot (humanist and educational reformer) as the Head of the Committee -
Joseph Rice and Surveys
Two surveys (1892 and 1893) that focused on third grade classrooms with observations of a "largely lifeless system" -
Lester Ward
Social Meliorist who had commitment to egalitarianism and the idea that slums are not inferior in talent to the graduates of Harvard College -
Committee of Fifteen
William Harris (humanist) as leader. Committee ready to report on the elementary school curriculum -
Windows of the Soul
William Harris coined this to include grammar, literature and art, mathematics, geography and history -
Humanism v.s. Developmentalism
John Dewey's first major contribution to literature dealing with the controversy between Humanism and Developmentalism and "interest versus effort" and was titled "Interest in Relation to Training of the Will" -
Dewey School
Laboratory School at the University of Chicago and was a symbol of pedagogical reform and a concern of child's mastery of organized subject matter. Elementary education broken into three subsections (ages 4-7, ages 7-10, and 10-13) -
Four Major Forces
Four Major Forces have emerged: Humanists, Developmentalists, Social Meliorists, and Social Efficients -
Chicago Growth
Reaches population of 1 million -
Enrollment of Secondary Education
11% enrolled in Secondary Education -
Social Control
Edward Ross publication of 27 articles and viewed education as a powerful weapon in society. -
Charles Eliot
Foresaw the possibility for a differentiated curriculum -
Scientific Management
Fredrick Taylor (father of Scientific Management) published "Principles of Scientific Management" and thought education should be run like a business -
Scientific Management in Education
Published by Joseph Rice (social efficiency educator) -
Democracy in Education
John Dewey's magnum opus in education -
Cardinal Principles Report
Clarence Kingsley. This report was a major landmark in secondary education in the United States -
The Curriculum
John Franklin Bobbitt published the first modern book devoted exclusively to topic of curriculum
